This paper draws on efforts to combine the cMOOC and the xMOOC (in, for example, the ahMOOC and persua2mooc) and presents "a personalized model (CD-MOOC) that adapts to a learner-based approach focusing on containing learners' dropout phenomenon." Like previous efforts, I think that this model attempts to achieve the effect of the cMOOC through personalization, whereby a centralized database of individual properties, activities and preferences is created, which is then used by an adaptive learning engine (in the current case, "three criteria were used; recommend different resources with the same efficiency, analyze users' context, and prioritize learner's motivation"). To me, though, these are all varieties of xMOOC, and do not create the individual affordances of a decentralized cMOOC. You can't convert individual decision points and contexts into metrics without abstracting out essential elements of individual autonomy.
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