This detailed article is a good look at the use of communities of practice to facilitate knowledge management and sharing between organizations. Though a reasonable practice (since there may not be sufficient mass in a given discipline within a single organization), inter-organizational communities of practice carry with them particular difficulties. "Even when there was adoption of networked technologies to allow connectivity between the companies, the potential for knowledge exchange was highly dependent on the level of trust." But, communities of practice "also offer an informal mechanism for collaboration between organizations, particularly when learning is the prime motivation."
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