A gloss is "'a brief definition or synonym, either in (your first or second language) which is provided with [a] text' They can take many forms (e.g. annotations in the margin or at the foot a printed page), but electronic or CALL glossing is 'an instant look-up capability – dictionary or linked'". It's where the term 'glossary' comes from. The question here is, do glosses help reading comprehension in language learning. But the more meta - and more interesting - question asks whether we can rely on meta-analyses to learn the answer to questions like the first question. "We need to be cautious about using meta-analyses and effect sizes... we cannot necessarily assume that the findings of meta-meta-analyses are educationally significant."
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