It's not formative evaluation and it's not summative evaluation. We'll call it competitive evaluation. "More and more companies are gathering performance data on their employees and sharing that data among their staff. Their hope: that those employees who receive feedback that their own performance is lower than their colleagues' will be more motivated to change the way they work and are more motivated to explore." Here's the complete publication (20 page PDF). The authors found that the effect varies based on the data; learning about high-performing peers will encourage people to explore better ways to do their work, but learning about low-performers won't. Also, if the person receiving the data already has a high tendency to self-enhance, learning about high-performers won't help them at all; "Presumably, those with a high tendency to self-enhance did not increase their propensity to explore because they saw the information about their high-performing peer as a threat to their self-image and therefore, found ways to ignore or discount it."
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